In the South, the failure of Republican state governments to make serious inroads on the politics of the region led to a weakening resolve to protect the civil and political rights of freedmen. The period following the Civil War in which Congress passed laws designed to rebuild the country and bring Southern states back into the Union What was a Who did it benefit? 'j/%>Rgy|@mePxSNOw5Nu'IbL`hEfYaWk*_p In February 1868, after months of investigation, the House voted to impeach the president, largely on the grounds that Johnson had violated the Tenure of Office Act in firing Edwin Stanton. Question 4 President Johnsons view of African Americans was: That they should be granted equal rights to whites, including voting rights, That they should be granted equal rights to whites, but not voting rights, That they should not be granted equal rights to whites. But in the end, events overpowered the best thinking on both sides of this divide and the impact of these great victories was left to be felt and interpreted by a new generation of Americans. As a result, these farmers remained in a form of economic bondage, tied to the landowner with no foreseeable way of making enough personal profit to become independent. They were codes or rules created by southerners after the Civil War to restrict the new rights and freedoms of African American in the south. Amnesty was granted to any southerner who took an oath of allegiance, with the exception of Confederate officials, officers, and wealthy landowners. The reconstruction period had its successes and failures. HUKo0WhUK( Would he or she feel anger over, anything? Group A: Excerpts from the testimony of Maddie Curtis from Slave Narratives: A Folk History of Slavery in the United States From Interviews with Former Slaves, North Carolina Narratives, 1937, Group B: Excerpt from Rev. Congress passed the Thirteenth Amendment in January 1865, formally outlawing slavery in the United States. The vote in the Senate was thirtyfive to nineteen in favor of conviction, one short of the necessary twothirds majority. What limited African American freedom during Reconstruction? They passed two bills. He placed North Carolina and eventually other states under appointed provisional governors chosen mostly from among prominent southern politicians who had opposed the secession movement and had rendered no conspicuous service to the Confederacy. Johnson versus Congress. Share Croppers:Mostly Freedmen who had no tools or supplies, and worked, farmed, and lived on someone else's land. What was the Freedmen's Bureau? WebActivity #2: Evaluating ReconstructionThe Fourteenth Amendment Directions: It is the year 1877 and, in the wake of the election of Rutherford B. Hayes, Union troops finally have been These groups will take on the role of special investigative committees reporting to a Congressional committee examining the effects of Reconstruction. What synonym clue shows up in the next paragraph? 75RockiCr ? Use the links above to research more about each aspect of Reconstruction, List the name of your character on the worksheet. As resistance and violence continued to spread in the South, Republican resolve began to weaken. What happened to white small farmers during this time? HUMO@W o%T@EBQ6P}wwIJ/$7~\]1U 7d9c$y_M)8L%D/*rTPg2QL(Ies>U,;1Q8U#91 EbS Corruption compromised the ability of the government and, frequently, of private interests to facilitate the reconstruction of the South. Segregation laws would sunset and have to be repealed within the next 20 years. 3) The South could not repay loans from countries that helped them. President Johnson vetoed the Act, but Congress overrode his veto to pass it. The Fifteenth Amendment was designed to allow all male citizens the right to vote regardless of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. This was a bold and progressive change to Americas Constitution, however feelings of racism persisted throughout the wounded nation. Lincoln's and Johnson's plans fundamentally different from the Radical Republican plan. These conditions made it quite difficult for the Republican Party to get much of a foothold in the South among any except black voters and those who had relocated from the North. Removing #book# Which group was still not aloud to vote? While some historians see Reconstruction as both success and failure, Foner takes an unequivocal stance that Reconstruction was not at all successful. He cites several reasons in support of his opinion economic and political, as well as social. There were many reasons for the unpopularity of Congressional Reconstruction in the South. But how much really changed? It prohibited state governments from denying a citizen the right to vote based on race, color, or previous condition of slavery. "waving the bloody shirt" reminded the voters of Grant's war victory. As a result, the Democrats began using their newfound majority to roll back many of the social programs put in place during Reconstruction that were designed to aid the poor and African Americans. Many went to work in the mills. Given sentence below refers to a numbered sentence in the passage. Identify specific problems that may have emerged as a result of Reconstruction policy in its many and varied permutations. Over the next two years, partially due to the help of newly enfranchised African American male voters, all ten states complied with the Reconstruction Acts mandates. How did Amendments 13, 14, & 15 help African Americans? It gave all men, regardless of race, the ability to vote in the United States. Poll taxes prevented poor citizens from being able to vote. In all, the history of Reconstruction was an object lesson in the limitations of persuasion in politicsas was the history of the Civil War that preceded it. was the purpose of the Ku Klux Klan? Explain your choice. WebStudy with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Freedmen's Bureau, Reconstruction, Lincoln's Reconstruction Plan and more. WebStudy with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like sharecropping, Freedman's Bureau, Wade-Davis Plan and more. The four states did not rejoin the Union until 1870. Reconstruction Era National Historic Park in Beaufort, South Carolina defines Reconstruction as having started in 1861 (the beginning of the American Civil War) and lasting until the early twentieth century. The Presidential Plans (Lincoln and Johnson), the Congressional `a{/uXZO`qf\ v-Nf. Who was one of the first black representatives in the Georgia Assembly? What were Black Codes, and why were they created? Did Congress like the 10% Plan? Blacks were required to either sign labor contracts or face arrest for vagrancy, and they were not allowed to serve on juries or testify in court. Equality at the ballot box would be a work in progress for decades to come. (113M The sentence contains at least one complement. WebThe largest weapons factories were located in the South. WebIdentify specific problems that may have emerged as a result of Reconstruction policy in its many and varied permutations. The thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth amendment were created during the twelve years of rebuilding the country. The teacher may also want to point out that original documents, such as these, retain their original spelling and syntaxeven if incorrect. Literacy tests were put into place requiring citizens to read difficult passages from legal documents in order to be able to vote. The new state legislatures adopted socalled black codes to keep the newly freed African Americans, or freedmen, in their place. 0. Segregation laws were legal in former Confederate states only. Adoption of the amendment was an issue in the 1866 congressional elections, but the president's campaign against it did not work. He told the southern states to reject it. Did black voting end in 1877 with the end of Reconstruction? No. EDSITEment is a project of theNational Endowment for the Humanities, Smithsonian Learning Lab collection on the Reconstruction Era, America's Reconstruction: People and Politics After the Civil War, Freedmen and Southern Society Project: Chronology of Emancipation, Excerpts from the testimony of Maddie Curtis, Excerpt from the conclusion of Holland Thompson, The Resources of North Carolina: Its Natural Wealth, Condition, and Advantages, as Existing in 1869, The Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution, Letter from President Ulysses S. Grant to the Hon. Segregation was ruled unconstitutional and all Jim Crow laws had to be immediately repealed. The long alliance between the women's movement and the abolitionist cause broke, and women struggled on their own for another half century for the right to vote. `cw]}{(ugeFo, +mKk.]{g~S^NWs0znS`~Zm%,Kw~vBY5_oLx|? universal male suffrage, Johnson and Secretary of War Edwin Stanton were bitter enemies, and the president wanted to get rid of him. %%EOF Northern Republicans who moved down South, often with intentions of helping rebuild Southern society. Yes, two from Mississippi. What was the Civil Rights Act of 1875? Think about the italicized questions His campaign theme was "Let Us Have Peace," and he tried his best to promote sectional and racial harmony throughout the country. But another clear reason was the often ineffective and incompetent governing that characterized many of the post-war Republican Southern governments. The KKK wanted to move power in government back to the Democratic Party. @{/rd;G[F|!-DStuux2g>w2q}g=,~1tMEDuMz@hN follow the worksheet and think about how this person would feel about Reconstruction. #;ou20/. Webshark diving captions; how old is linda olsen global news calgary; commercial property for lease manatee county; woah oh oh oh ohhh song 80s Finally, History Matters offers helpful pages on "Making Sense of Maps.". WebReconstruction Question 6 900 seconds Q. they became caught up in debt. 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Ryan read an exegesis of the cryptic poem because .. What is meant by the term Reconstruction? WebWhat is Reconstruction? f[=v5GS!Q"+x ml\8fzp +l~xZ0&>@U 8!.VUY[ ~A>}et!F2zfJ(9)29v^A4bk`=Nv^OhGEypb6u;Cj=:Ywq1wb)t+BlL;b[n[QO[*+*+!U$w q'YA*O$_gk.0 l4 Democrats who were previously unable to vote due to their Confederate ties were now able to vote and run for office. kcP`?=xI87eC{+Fj*?ya WebEvaluating Reconstruction As the Civil War was drawing to a close in 1865, President Lincoln began making plans for the physical, economic, social and political rehabilitation of a region What did Johnson advise the southern states to do about the 14th amendment? The states could enter the Union if they promised they would ratify the Fourteenth Amendment within five years. WebQuestion 1 What was the primary purpose of the Reconstruction period following the Civil War? In the Senate? No. Question 2 Which of the following best summarizes President Lincolns attitude toward the policies and process of Reconstruction? Upon taking office, Grant hoped to build upon the previously established framework by championing the 15th Amendment to enhance, protect, and guarantee black male voting rights nationwide. Much of the legislation enacted in the name of racial equality was to be undone in the coming years by rulings coming from the Supreme Court (Plessy v. Ferguson, The Civil Rights Cases, etc.) Who was the Republican leader in the House? answer choices True False Question 19 30 seconds Q. accomplished nothing, it was almost never enforced. There was no profit for workers. Southern voters also elected to Congress highranking Confederate officials and officers, some of whom had not received one of the thirteen thousand pardons Johnson issued during the summer of 1865. At every step, Congress intervened and put laws in place that circumvented and, in some cases, limited the Presidents authority. and use your Reconstruction Notes to answer the questions below. All the of the African American were expelled in 1868 when whites said that the Constitution gave freedmen the right to vote, but never explicitly said they had the right to run for and hold an office because they were once slaves. 20F_B[G S`F>6~hf( Fear of black rule. Alternative means of assessment include asking the students to do either or both of the following: 1. The teacher will also want to discuss the vernacular and odd spellings that occasionally come through in diary entries and interviews with ordinary citizens and ex-slaves. Formally defines citizenship and protects a person's civil and political rights from being abridged or denied by any state. It was left to the Senate to try the presidentwith Chief Justice Salmon P. Chase presidingand determine whether he should be removed from office. For more detailed information on the process of Reconstruction, the teacher is encouraged to visit America's Reconstruction: People and Politics After the Civil War; for a timeline of major events of Reconstruction during the war itself, of particular use is Freedmen and Southern Society Project: Chronology of Emancipation. 0 But charges of corruption were not limited to Grants administration. Each document corresponds to one of the five Topics in the After Reconstruction section of the interactive. Powerful families regularly disagree on who should gain control over which resources. Question 11 30 seconds Q. "Z~(Y9I,$iA4rHR2y"xBCDx!uF$P=C|# HUKo@+VaX@R)nQ1 cwfgK.^|[EsyRBoe &:|. iqQ1c@:)~ TBSQs*qUN!hGm!y~ ;9Yz`E_>| ? :d l%Ope,s/4*rxWOOORcH!G*Q-9#E&iP@Lm6DE#4rt>Oi>'~h[WFW8D'UF1;6>3R^}kE`VqL0, DLi] ZP7 ~K]M6 Yes, a few. Rather than working with congressmen who might have supported his Reconstruction plan, Johnson alienated potential political allies by vetoing legislation intended to ensure civil rights for African Americans. was a negative term Southerners adopted and gave to opportunistic and speculative Northerners who moved to the South during the Reconstruction Era, often seen as frauds. A time of rebuilding the South after the Civil War to resolve the South's problems and bring it back into the Union. It required that 50 percent of a state's voters take the oath of allegiance and demanded stronger safeguards for emancipation than Lincoln's as the price of readmission. This represented the reversal of that portion of the Dred Scott decision which ruled that black people were not and could not become citizens of the United States or enjoy any of the privileges and immunities of citizenship. While there were some improvements in African American life in the post-war South, many whites were reluctant to abandon their racist attitudes and biased practices. Jabir ibn Hayyan replaced the.. of a misinformed philosophy with the rigors of objective experimentation. In Grants opposition to the Tenure of Office Act (passed during Johnsons term in 1867), which required Senate approval of all presidential appointments and dismissals, many believed that Grant evinced the kind of political fortitude necessary to set things aright. In many ways, we continue these struggles in our politics today. xT+&DLeD The documents listed above in conjunction with an examination of the painting could be used to spark an in-class discussion of the difficulties facing the South as it moved from one kind of social structure to a new, more American, way of life. The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution officially abolished and continues to prohibit slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. 10% plan What was Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction called? Moreover, the horrors of the late war were alive in the memories of most Americans and the real or imagined threat of resumed and open hostilities operated with more persuasive force than the best of arguments. Who were its members? What were the economic beliefs of the Radical Republicans? endstream endobj 418 0 obj <>stream What did the Black Codes indicate to the North? WebThe Military Reconstruction Act of 1867 Split ten former Confederate states (excluding Tennessee) into five military districts to be overseen by the U.S. military and mandated that It helped maintain schools for black kids and insured fairness of labor contracting. The 15th Amendment became an unenforced dead letter by the late nineteenth century. President Grant undoubtedly played a important role in what was the country's first civil rights movement in some ways, but Reconstruction had its shortcomings. The Civil Rights Act of 1866, which granted blacks born in the United States the same rights as white citizens, also became law (in April) over the president's objection. Analyzing Primary SourcesThis lesson involves using a number of primary source documents authored by a variety of people; some were highly educated, others were less so, and still others were recently freed slaves who were barely literate. The war devastated the Southern economy and population, leaving a lot of hard feelings towards the victorious North. Take sample from your personal experience. endstream endobj 113 0 obj <>stream How might a fact like this have affected opinions on questions such as civil rights, government contracts for major infrastructure improvements (such as railroads) and shaped views on questions such as education? To reinstate slavery in parts of the United States, To fix damage done to buildings during the war, To rebuild the southern economy and society. 5. At the end of this lesson, each student should demonstrate his or her proficiency by doing one of the following: 1. The Freedmen's Bureau helped most in the area of education. WebList the groups in chronological order that ran and controlled the Reconstruction process in the US Government. Why was the former Confederacy divided into military districts by the federal government? hb```c``e`f`xb,@($yQAI &l&a81r``Hs20A4 dUf ` The organization put in place after the Civil War to provide schools in the South was known as: answer choices The Civil Rights Committee one of the closest races in American history. Despite the passage of progressive new laws, racist attitudes prevented open access to employment, education, voting, and protection against violence. The amendments created to protect black freedoms seemed like a huge step in the right dzB;. Demonstrate their ability to navigate through a statistical map interactive. pNqmjEJOpKxZv{u 4-aCn v84l%_YYk:Ii:vSG#oa H"x\*Uj/V-,!9.RT5\VM_nCdB5" \.x}{ No/^+4.svjc;NfdHsfJhl\_e2nsS,{ WebThe reconstruction approach they preferred was embodied in the WadeDavis bill (July 1864), which called for the establishment of a military government in each state and required at least fifty percent of the eligible voters to swear allegiance to the United States. hWO0Gx`*Bi1 `ZS"%;;NS5J;|@@hHx4&"A $ #p H}AxChDGOB(9S,vcs:JI]V]WywIO{{AS !^}8;]:yNc0v*4Xqa`p k5 z2 9&+cr'~ IOV~=GHB:'*kXa=9r^baYz/1ag7F:,Ww AF;{zVV5S-l/"NZ|'Ol,U#dmCUGe^eE?Ze\mLFMeSZ`E#`jcj~Qm|V$vN81t~~b2[_\$#'b*$]t# Republicans regained a substantial number of voters who had previously been denied voting rights due to unproven war crimes. 3 southern states votes came in with 2 sets of counts, 1 Dem, 1 Repub, so the vote went to the House of Representatives who decided Republicans. It also made it difficult to enforce Republican plans for Reconstruction or the 14th and 15th Amendments to the Constitution. Compare Allende's description of the contrast between rich and poor in Latin America with Gordimer's depiction of the contrast between rich and poor in Latin America with Gordimer's depiction of the narrator and Petrus in "Six Feet of the Country".

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