This layer holds 19 percent of the atmosphere's gases but very little water vapor. It contains the ozone layer and is between the troposphere, the first layer of the atmosphere, and the mesosphere, the third layer of the atmosphere. Earth's atmosphere has six layers: the troposphere, the stratosphere, the mesosphere, the thermosphere, the ionosphere, and the exosphere. Fun Stratosphere Facts for Kids. Moreover, the distance between the molecules increases as you move up the different layers. The atmosphere has nearly 37.5 million billion gallons of water at any given time. stratosphere: [noun] the part of the earth's atmosphere which extends from the top of the troposphere to about 30 miles (50 kilometers) above the surface and in which temperature increases gradually to about 32 F (0 C) and clouds rarely form. At the top of the stratosphere, the density of the air is close to zero. Unlike the stratosphere, temperatures once again grow colder as you rise up through the mesosphere. The temperatures in the ozone belt are higher than in the troposphere since the ozone absorbs the ultraviolet rays. The rapid photolysis and reformation of ozone heat the stratosphere, resulting in a temperature inversion. Just above that is the stratosphere, the area of the atmosphere where passenger airplanes and weather balloons fly. Sydney Chapman gave a correct description of the source of stratospheric ozone and its ability to generate heat within the stratosphere;[citation needed] he also wrote that ozone may be destroyed by reacting with atomic oxygen, making two molecules of molecular oxygen. Stated another way, it allows the airliner to fly faster while maintaining lift equal to the weight of the plane. It keeps us warm, it gives us oxygen to breathe, and its where our weather happens. It is possible to send research balloons into the stratosphere. Why Is Carbon Important? 9. As previously mentioned, the stratosphere is one of the five layers that make up the Earth's atmosphere. He concluded that there was another layer in the atmosphere above the troposphere, which he called the stratosphere. The importance of the stratosphere is highlighted by the presence of the ozone layer, without which no life on Earth will be possible. Like the other atmospheric layers, it does not have a fixed height but starts at an altitude of approximately 10 km(6 miles), extending up to a height of roughly 50 km(30 miles). Troposphere. Meteors burn up in the coldest layer, the mesosphere. Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. Some of these waves and tides carry energy from the troposphere upward into the stratosphere, others convey energy from the stratosphere up into the mesosphere. 6. These free-moving elements continuously escape into space due to ballistic trajectories. Clouds form due to convection, which is uncommon in the stratosphere. Because the temperature in the tropopause and lower stratosphere is largely constant with increasing altitude, very little convection and its resultant turbulence occurs there. This includes its location, what it is composed of, the temperature range, and its density. If you are interested in the complete structure and make-up of the atmosphere,this articlecovers all five atmospheric layers and their relation to each other in more detail. The latter value is about halfway to the Moon! The holes in the ozone layer have been recorded above the Antarctica seasonally, as well as in other parts of the world. The Stratosphere also has three thrill rides at the top. It sets it apart from the other atmospheric layers by temperature rising instead of dropping as altitude increases, a process called temperature inversion. Layers of the atmosphere: troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere . Commercial airliners fly in the lower stratosphere to avoid the weather, travel faster, and save fuel. Earths atmosphere has six different layers. The stratosphere is one of the 5 layers of the atmosphere, situated above the troposphere and below the mesosphere at an altitude of 10 km (6 miles), extending to 50 km (30 miles). Its upper edge has maximum ozone concentration, referred to as the ozone belt. [20], Some bird species have been reported to fly at the upper levels of the troposphere. The stratosphere is a major stable layer whose base is marked by the tropopause, and where temperatures overall average approximately 60 C.Temperature in the lower stratosphere is isothermal but increases markedly in the upper part, to reach a maximum of . The stratosphere is abundant in ozone, a type of oxygen molecule that absorbs the sun's ultraviolet radiation and uses it to heat this layer in the atmosphere. Most turbulence at this altitude is caused by variations in the jet stream and other local wind shears, although areas of significant convective activity (thunderstorms) in the troposphere below may produce turbulence as a result of convective overshoot. Facts About Stratosphere Published: April 3, 2016 The stratosphere is the second major layer of Earth's atmosphere, just above the troposphere, and below the mesosphere. The stratosphere contains the ozone layer, which shields the Earth from harmful radiation emitted from the Sun. The exosphere gradually fades away into the realm of interplanetary space. Air pressure drops, and temperatures get colder, as you climb higher in the troposphere. The temperature increases to about negative {eq}5 {/eq} F in the stratosphere. This decrease in temperature with altitude is what causes convection to occur in the troposphere. Planes that are low on fuel also fly at this altitude because they can cover more distance than in the troposphere while using less fuel and encountering less turbulence. It contains 80% of the atmospheric weight, making it the densest layer. Above the troposphere and below the mesosphere, we have the stratosphere. One wild characteristic of the stratosphere is a phenomenon that occurs, which is known as blue jets. The lower boundary of the stratosphere is called the tropopause; the upper boundary is called the stratopause. The stratosphere is a layer of Earth's atmosphere. As a result of the EUs General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). The HO2 radical produced by the reaction of OH with O3 is recycled to OH by reaction with oxygen atoms or ozone. Convection is when gases cool as they rise, allowing them to condense on air molecules which form clouds. Three Highest Thrill Rides in the World. Solar ultraviolet radiation (sunlight) separates an oxygen molecule into two different oxygen atoms in the first step. 3090 Center Green Drive, Boulder, CO 80301, Virtual Ballooning to Explore the Atmosphere, ACOM | Atmospheric Chemistry Observations & Modeling, CISL | Computational & Information Systems, EdEC | Education, Engagement & Early-Career Development, Government Relations & External Engagement. The definition of the stratosphere is the second layer of the atmosphere, extending from about 6 miles to 30 miles, or 10km to 50km, above the Earth's surface. The stratosphere is a region of intense interactions among radiative, dynamical, and chemical processes, in which the horizontal mixing of gaseous components proceeds much more rapidly than does vertical mixing. It is like a giant magnet and retains high-energy particles, thereby protecting the earth. That's almost as wide as Earth itself. Commercial airliners typically cruise at altitudes of 912km (30,00039,000ft) which is in the lower reaches of the stratosphere in temperate latitudes. In comparison, the warmest in the thermosphere. The site owner may have set restrictions that prevent you from accessing the site. The mesosphere is directly above the stratosphere and below the thermosphere. As you go up, it becomes colder. As the ozone layer absorbs UV radiation, it causes the temperature in this layer to increase. What Is the Greenhouse Effect? Blue jets are an extremely rare form of lightning or electrical discharge from clouds in the troposphere. They are found at altitudes of 15 to 25 km (9.3 to 15.5 miles) and form only when temperatures at those heights dip below -78 C. They appear to help cause the formation of the infamous holes in the ozone layer by "encouraging" certain chemical reactions that destroy ozone. Earths atmosphere is similar to a jacket for our planet. A.A. Scaife, J.R. Knight, G.K. Vallis, C.K. Thats the opposite of how the layers work in the troposphere, where we live. This was based on temperature profiles from mostly unmanned and a few manned instrumented balloons. The air in the stratosphere is extremely thin, which makes it impossible to breathe at this level. The stratosphere is one of five layers of the atmosphere. The temperatures at the different atmospheric layers differ depending on solar radiation, humidity, and altitude. Theexosphereis really, really big. stratosphere, layer of Earth's atmosphere lying between the troposphere and the mesosphere. If you look up at the sky, either on a clear day or a starry night, it probably wouldn't occur to you that you are looking through layers. Just like the troposphere, its depth varies with latitude. The atmosphere comprises five layers: troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere and exosphere. There is no clear-cut upper boundary where the exosphere finally fades away into space. The temperatures in the ozone belt are higher than in the troposphere since the ozone absorbs the ultraviolet rays. Temperatures in the upper thermosphere can range from about 500 C (932 F) to 2,000 C (3,632 F) or higher. Dr. Rachel Tustin has a PhD in Education focusing on Educational Technology, a Masters in English, and a BS in Marine Science. The stratosphere is one of five layers of the earth's atmosphere. Ozone is a blue pungent-smelling gas that helps to absorb the ultraviolet radiation in the sun rays. Be grateful! The stratosphere also contains the ozone layer, which absorbs harmful ultraviolet radiation as it enters our atmosphere from the sun. [6], The mechanism describing the formation of the ozone layer was described by British mathematician Sydney Chapman in 1930. The exosphere is the very edge of our atmosphere. 2 It extends from a height of approximately 65 km (40 miles) to 85 km (53 miles) above the Earth's surface. The ionosphere stretches roughly 50 to 400 miles above Earth's surface, right at the edge of space. It extends from about 50 to 85 km (31 to 53 miles) above our planet. The stratosphere is one of the 5 layers of the atmosphere, situated above the troposphere and below the mesosphere at an altitude of 10 km (6 miles), extending to 50 km (30 miles). copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. It surrounds our planet, keeps us warm, gives us oxygen to breathe, and it is where our weather happens. The stratosphere is one of five layers of the earth's atmosphere. Also known as Nacreous Clouds, these unique clouds develop near the poles at an altitude of 15 - 25 kilometers (9 - 15 miles) during the winter months. If you were to climb a mountain in the stratosphere you would have to take off your warm clothes as you got closer to the top rather than putting them on like we usually do. This part of the atmosphere is the most dense. There are forms of biological bacteria living in the stratosphere. The QBO induces a secondary circulation that is important for the global stratospheric transport of tracers, such as ozone[14] or water vapor. 23. 12 chapters | Meteorological phenomena are limited to the troposphere since they result from the earths rotation and suns radiation on the atmosphere. This layer of our atmosphere has its own set of layers. The stratospheric air is extremely thin and dry since the vast majority of atmospheric gases (and weather activity) are limited to the troposphere. Facts About The Mesosphere What It Is And Its Defining Characteristics, The 5 Layers Of The Atmosphere Their Composition, Characteristics, And Importance Explained, Fallstreak Holes: What They Are And How They Form, Bubble Clouds: Defining Mammatus Clouds And How They Form, Noctilucent Clouds: Defining Night Shining Clouds And How They Form. Ninety-nine percent of the gases that compose the atmosphere are located below a height of 32 km (20 miles). To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. 25. This is how certain gases become trapped in the stratosphere, like CFC's and ozone. The thermosphere is home to the International Space Station as it orbits Earth. It has a very important job: to protect us from harmful energy from the Sun, called radiation. Mercury has water ice and organics. The increase of temperature with altitude is a result of the absorption of the Sun's ultraviolet (UV) radiation by the ozone layer. Aurora is also referred to as polar light. Mercury has an atmosphere that changes with its distance to the Sun. The coldest temperatures in Earths atmosphere, about -90 C (-130 F), are found near the top of this layer. Certain birds will even fly in the stratosphere, including swans, cranes, and vultures! The lower portion of the stratosphere is nearly isothermal (a layer of constant temperature), whereas temperatures in its upper levels increase with altitude. Large volcanic eruptions and major meteorite impacts can fling aerosol particles up into the stratosphere where they may linger for months or years, sometimes altering Earth's global climate. On November 29, 1973, a Rppell's vulture (Gyps rueppelli) was ingested into a jet engine 11,278m (37,000ft) above the Ivory Coast. 35. The lower boundary of the stratosphere can be as high as 20 km (12 miles or 65,000 feet) near the equator and as low as 7 km (4 miles or 23,000 feet) at the poles in winter. Write CSS OR LESS and hit save. The stratosphere is the second layer of the atmosphere. Certain bird species like the common crane, whooper swan, and the Rppel's griffon vulture are capable of flying in the lower stratosphere. Clouds form when water vapor condenses into a liquid, and with very little water, vapor condensation is virtually impossible. Moreover, meteorites falling over the earth burn in this layer. In many ways, the thermosphere is more like outer space than a part of the atmosphere. 27. These distances vary slightly due to elevation changes on the Earth. 22. The water exists in the form of vapor and invisible to plain eyes. 30. Ozone (O3) photolysis produces O and O2. Unlike the troposphere however it is colder closer to the earth and warmer as it gets closer to the mesosphere. The mesosphere is a layer of Earth's atmosphere. Cred: NASA's Scientific Visualization Studio 3. Composition of the Earth's atmosphere. Ozone molecules in this layer absorb high-energy ultraviolet (UV) light from the Sun, converting the UV energy into heat. It is in the thermosphere that the space shuttle flew. The atmosphere is a layer of gases retained by gravity on the earth. Unlike the troposphere, the stratosphere actually gets warmer the higher you go! This results in an increase in temperature from about -76 degrees Fahrenheit to around 5 degrees Fahrenheit. These "blue jets" appear above thunderstorms, and extend from the bottom of the stratosphere up to altitudes of 40 or 50 km (25 to 31 miles). PSCs are also called nacreous clouds. To learn more about each layer of the atmosphere, click the images below. Acid rains form when nitrogen oxide or Sulphur dioxide combines with water vapor in the atmosphere. (The ozone layer is too large a topic for this article, but you can read more about it in the following post.). Ozone, an unusual type of oxygen molecule that is relatively abundant in the stratosphere, heats this layer as it absorbs energy from incoming ultraviolet radiation from the Sun. Despite Mercury's weak magnetic field, it behaves similarly to Earth's. The air has a very low density that you get into the interplanetary space without a manifest limit. This layer separates the rest of the atmosphere from outer space. Polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) are the exception. The stratosphere is the second layer in the Earth's atmosphere. [6] Winds in the stratosphere can far exceed those in the troposphere, reaching near 60m/s (220km/h; 130mph) in the Southern polar vortex. 10. 18. The troposphere starts at the Earth's surface and extends 8 to 14.5 kilometers high (5 to 9 miles). 2023 TheFactFile.Org. This diagram shows some of the features of the stratosphere. The stratosphere protects Earth life from extremely harmful UV rays from the sun. [4] Temperatures range from an average of 51C (60F; 220K) near the tropopause to an average of 15C (5.0F; 260K) near the mesosphere. 12. At an altitude of 100 km above sea level, a border represents the separation between the atmosphere and outer space. Terms & Conditions In 1985, they observed a hole in the ozone layer above the Antarctic. Its upper edge has maximum ozone concentration, referred to as the ozone belt. Starting at ground level, it extends upward to about 10 km (6.2 miles or about 33,000 feet) above sea level. The stratosphere starts just above the troposphere and extends to 50 kilometers (31 miles) high. Commercial jet aircraft fly in the lower stratosphere to avoid the turbulence which is common in the troposphere below. Although some experts consider the thermosphere to be the uppermost layer of our atmosphere, others consider the exosphere to be the actual "final frontier" of Earth's gaseous envelope. Due to the lack of vertical convection in the stratosphere, materials that get into the stratosphere can stay there for long times. This layer is 22 miles (35 kilometers) thick. Create your account. This includes the troposphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere, and stratosphere. Due to the characteristics of the stratosphere, it is a very important part of Earth's atmosphere. This is the opposite of what happens in the troposphere, the layer of the atmosphere closest to Earth. The Earth's atmosphere is very important, as each layer plays a role for life on Earth. Certain swans, cranes, and vultures can fly in the lower stratosphere. The stratosphere is the second layer of the atmosphere, which is composed of a total of five layers. The atmosphere is dense near the surface of the Earth and protects life on the planet Earth. The exosphere gradually fades away into the realm of interplanetary space. There is very little water vapor in this layer of the atmosphere, so clouds are a rare occurrence. The particles in this layer are electrically charged, and when they hit each other, aurora australis can be observed. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. Air circulation within the stratosphere is dominated by the Brewer-Dobson Circulation, which is a single-celled air movement that stretches from the Poles to the Equator. Requested URL: byjus.com/chemistry/stratosphere/, User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 15_5 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/605.1.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/15.5 Mobile/15E148 Safari/604.1. That means that to get to outer space, you have to be really far from Earth. It is the only atmospheric layer where temperature inversion occurs and the region where the ozone layer is situated. It acts as a giant sponge and absorbs the vast majority of the sun's dangerous Ultraviolet Light. Above the troposphere and below the mesosphere, we have the stratosphere. Without it, the earths surface would be so cold that living here would not be possible. Stratospheric circulation is a predominantly wave-driven circulation in that the tropical upwelling is induced by the wave force by the westward propagating Rossby waves, in a phenomenon called Rossby-wave pumping. Within no time, the vapor from the exhaust freezes and turns visible. In this region, the temperature increases with height. It also allows the airplane to stay above the turbulent weather of the troposphere. This border is known as the Karman line. The atmosphere surrounds our planet like the peel of an orange. . https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stratosphere&oldid=1140010063, This page was last edited on 18 February 2023, at 00:23. Air pollution causes the demolition of the ozone belt, and without it, the earth would be exposed to the deadly ultraviolet rays in the sun. Heat is produced in the process of the formation of Ozone, and this heat is responsible for . Since the ozone layer absorbs UV rays from the sun, it heats up, which allows temperatures to increase as altitude increases. Almost all weather is in this region. The ozone layer helps protect us from ultraviolet radiation (UV) from the sun. 13. (Learn more about Nacreous or Polar Stratospheric Clouds in this article.). These gases are chemically inert, although some can react with various chemicals: carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, methane, ammonia, ozone, and water vapor. It has increased the number of respiratory conditions such as asthma. The stratosphere was discovered in 1900 by French meteorologist Lon Teisserenc de Bort. It borders the mesosphere above through a thin transitional space called the stratopause. It surrounds the globe and protects it by absorbing the infrared rays from the sun. But there are no mountains high enough to reach the stratosphere, so you dont have to worry about that. Create an account to start this course today. The stratosphere extends from the top of the troposphere to about 50 km (31 miles) above the ground. This layer of Earth's atmosphere is about 319 miles (513 kilometers) thick. A single chlorine atom can destroy more than a hundred thousand ozone molecules. However, exceptionally energetic convection processes, such as volcanic eruption columns and overshooting tops in severe supercell thunderstorms, may carry convection into the stratosphere on a very local and temporary basis. The chlorine atoms are recycled when ClO reacts with O in the upper stratosphere, or when ClO reacts with itself in the chemistry of the Antarctic ozone hole. For years, CFCs - a chemical used in aerosols - were transported the stratosphere via convection and became trapped there. Earths atmosphere has six layers: the troposphere, the stratosphere, the mesosphere, the thermosphere, the ionosphere, and the exosphere. The stratosphere the atmosphere's second layer, and is located right above the troposphere and right below the mesosphere. This layer is 22 miles (35 kilometers) thick. The rising air is literally freeze dried; the stratosphere is a very dry place. Earth's atmosphere has a series of layers, each with its own specific traits. - Facts, Layers & Population, The Changing Earth: Volcanoes, Weathering & Deposition, The Four Spheres of Earth: Geosphere, Hydrosphere, Biosphere, and Atmosphere, Interactions of Earth's Spheres: Purpose and Examples, Ionosphere: Definition, Facts, Temperature & Layers, Understanding Plate Tectonics: Tutoring Solution, Understanding Earthquakes: Tutoring Solution, Understanding Volcanoes: Tutoring Solution, Rock Deformation & Mountain Building: Tutoring Solution, Shaping the Earth's Surface: Tutoring Solution, Energy in the Earth System: Tutoring Solution, Earth's Energy Resources: Tutoring Solution, Earth's Material Resources: Tutoring Solution, Earth Science Investigation & Experimentation: Tutoring Solution, Environmental Science 101: Environment and Humanity, UExcel Pathophysiology: Study Guide & Test Prep, Stratosphere Lesson for Kids: Definition & Facts, What is Alginic Acid? 5. These events often precede unusual winter weather [16] and may even be responsible for the cold European winters of the 1960s.[17]. 20. 34. It is the highest layer. Air density in this layer gradually decreases as you go higher. Temperature decreases with height throughout the mesosphere. They have been observed by airline pilots and the international space station. Weather balloons also rise up to this level of the atmosphere to collect data without interference of storm clouds. The stratosphere ( / strtsfr, - to -/) is the second layer of the atmosphere of the Earth, located above the troposphere and below the mesosphere. Stratosphere - The Stratosphere makes up around 25% of the total of Earth's atmosphere, and is home to more than 90% of our Earth's O-Zone layer. Earth's atmosphere has a series of layers, each with its own specific traits. This ozone layer is important for man's survival, and for the survival of life on earth, as it absorbs the UV radiation from the sun that would otherwise be deadly. The stratosphere is home to the ozone layer, which is a thin layer of concentrated ozone which plays an essential role in protecting the Earth from dangerous solar radiation. Biosphere forms part of the troposphere where life exists. Although humans would not be able to survive in the stratosphere due to thin air and frigid temperatures, there is life that can and does survive there. Moving upward from ground level, these layers are called the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere. The ionosphere is not a distinct layer like the others mentioned above. The overall circulation of the stratosphere is termed as Brewer-Dobson circulation, which is a single-celled circulation, spanning from the tropics up to the poles, consisting of the tropical upwelling of air from the tropical troposphere and the extra-tropical downwelling of air. 21. Troposphere is the thinnest and closest layer to the earths surface. Ozone depletion is a major environmental problem because it increases the amount of ultraviolet (UV . Mesosphere lies between 50-85 km above sea level. In fact, the ozone layer absorbs most of the UV radiation the sun sends to us. In fact, the ozone layer absorbs most of the UV radiation the sun sends to us. So, what does the stratosphere do? In fact it is not easy to distinguish between space and not space because of the fact that the Earths atmosphere doesnt simply vanish; rather, it gradually becomes thinner and thinner over about 600 miles. The lack of particles in the air causes less friction to hold an aircraft back, which requires less power to travel faster and further. 9. The other four layers include the troposphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere. They shoot upwards through the stratosphere in a blue column to altitudes as high as 50km! Thislayerseparates the rest of the atmosphere from outer space. Although on average the stratosphere begins at about 7 miles up from the earth's surface, it can range from 5 miles at the earth's poles, to 6-8 miles at moderate latitudes, to 11 miles at the equator. While the troposphere is filled with a vast assortment of clouds thanks to a gas we know as water vapor, the stratosphere is a vast, clear blue sky. This layer of our atmosphere has its own set of layers. Most airplanes or jets travel in the lower part of the stratosphere. She earned her bachelor's in Physics and Astronomy from the University of North Carolina at Asheville. Instead, the ionosphere is a series of regions in parts of the mesosphere and thermosphere where high-energy radiation from the Sun has knocked electrons loose from their parent atoms and molecules. The next layer up is called the stratosphere. Because of this, jet aircraft and weather balloons reach their maximum operational altitudes within the stratosphere. All rights reserved. As a result, the air in the stratosphere is about 1000 times thinner in the stratosphere than at sea level in the troposphere. We live in the troposphere, which is the layer of the atmosphere closest to earth. They are far much apart from that they can move thousands of kilometers without colliding. Its depth also varies from 5.5 to 20 miles depending on latitude as well. Autumn Skies Online Pty Ltd is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. At the outer limit of the magnetic field is the magnetosphere. The next higher layer above the stratosphere is the mesosphere. This is due to the temperature changes within the stratosphere. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. The electrically charged atoms and molecules that are formed in this way are called ions, giving the ionosphere its name and endowing this region with some special properties. The stratosphere also has an increasing temperature with increasing altitude, which is different than what happens in the troposphere. One of the most surprising things about the stratosphere is not its characteristics but about what you find in this layer. Ozone in turn is photolysed much more rapidly than molecular oxygen as it has a stronger absorption that occurs at longer wavelengths, where the solar emission is more intense. The other four layers include the troposphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere. Between the troposphere and stratosphere is the tropopause border that demarcates the beginning of the temperature inversion. This increase of temperature with altitude is characteristic of the stratosphere; its resistance to vertical mixing means that it is stratified. This breaking is much more pronounced in the winter hemisphere where this region is called the surf zone. However, the distance of 100 kms from the earths surface is what is considered generally as an imaginary boundary. Planting trees is one of the efforts that people have done to try to minimize damage and to help rebuild the damaged ozone layer. Bacterial life survives in the stratosphere, making it a part of the biosphere. It extends above the tropopause to an altitude of 50 km above the earth. As you rise through the troposphere, the temperature decreases to around -60 degrees Fahrenheit. The ozone layer absorbs the majority of these rays, shielding life from harmful radiation. Facts About The Exosphere: The Outermost Layer Of The Atmosphere. The first is due to the reaction of hydroxyl radicals (OH) with ozone. The stratosphere is a layer of extremely stratified air that rises 40 kilometres above the tropopause and comprises about 20% of the atmosphere's mass.

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