Crimean Tatars, a predominantly Muslim ethnic minority who in 2001 made up 12.1% of the population,[107] formed in Crimea in the early modern era, after the Crimean Khanate had come into existence. [24], From 1853 to 1856, the strategic position of the peninsula in controlling the Black Sea meant that it was the site of the principal engagements of the Crimean War, where Russia lost to a French-led alliance.[25]. As a buffer for the two conflicting blocs, Ukraine has had very difficult choices to make in the last decade. Besides the Crimean Germans, Stalin in 1944 also deported 70,000 Greeks, 14,000 Bulgarians[113] and 3,000 Italians. By the January 1st 2014 there were 1050 thousands jobs in Crimea (Sevastopol included). [44] The North Crimea Canal, which transports water from the Dnieper, is the largest of the man-made irrigation channels on the peninsula. [citation needed] Just south of Kerch the new Crimean Bridge (opened in 2018) connects Crimea to the Taman Peninsula. Given its long history and many conquerors, most towns in Crimea have several names. The ultimate action-packed science and technology magazine bursting with exciting information about the universe, Subscribe today and save an extra 5% with checkout code 'LOVE5', Engaging articles, amazing illustrations & exclusive interviews, Issues delivered straight to your door or device. But it is one of the few nations with a closed-loop production in the titanium industry - from mining and processing of the titanium iron ores to the producer of finished products. Long-distance trains under the name Tavriya operated by the company Grand Servis Ekspress connect Sevastopol and Simferopol daily with Moscow and Saint Petersburg, in the summer season Yevpatoria and Feodosia are also directly connected by them. Covering an area of 27,000km2 (10,425sqmi), Crimea is located on the northern coast of the Black Sea and on the western coast of the Sea of Azov; the only land border is shared with Ukraine's Kherson Oblast on the north. This is around four per cent of Ukraine's GDP (Gross Domestic Product). By annexing Ukrainian land on the Black Sea coast, Putin also annexes the rights to any hydrocarbons found in its maritime zones. [48] For every 100m (330ft) increase in altitude, temperatures decrease by 0.65C (1.17F) while precipitation increases. After the fall of the Soviet Union, Crimean Tatars began to return to the region. Russian-allied troops in Crimea have taken hold of key targets including airports, government offices and military bases and Russian military leaders demanded the complete surrender of all Ukrainian forces in Crimea on Monday (March 3). Due to the temporary occupation of Crimea by the Russian Federation, Ukraine has lost the opportunity to exploit the Scythian section of the Black Sea shelf, where gas production was to begin in 2017. [49] A subtropical, Mediterranean climate dominates the southern coastal regions, is characterized by mild winters and moderately hot, dry summers. In the medieval period, it was partially conquered by Kievan Rus' whose prince was baptized at Sevastopol starting the Christianization of Kievan Rus'. [63] Scelioninae and Tachinidae are important parasitoids of sunnpest. [48] As a result, the climate favors recreation and tourism. That's why any instability in the region is bound to send shock waves through international energy markets: Crude-oil prices jumped by $2.33 a barrel on Monday (March 3), due in large part to jitters over the Russian aggression in Crimea, according to the Associated Press. New York, Life expectancy in the Republic of Crimea, Life expectancy in Crimea and neighboring regions, In 2013, Orthodox Christians made up 58% of the Crimean population, followed by Muslims (15%) and believers in God without religion (10%). The U.S. and Europe have maintained sanctions against Russia since its initial invasion of Crimea . This includes oil, coal, natural gas, metals, stone, sand, air, sunlight, soil, and water. In order to feed the energy-hungry Europe, Russia set up the Nord Stream II gas pipeline to transport natural gas which would be cost-effective, reliable, and sustainable. [41] The general trend is for the former lakes to become salt pans. Crimea is almost an island and only connected to the continent by the Isthmus of Perekop, a strip of land about 57 kilometres (3.14.3mi) wide. History of construction, "Pray For Rain: Crimea's Dry-Up A Headache For Moscow, Dilemma For Kyiv", "Crimea Drills For Water As Crisis Deepens In Parched Peninsula", "Geographical Survey of the Crimean region", "Climate in Crimea, Weather in Yalta: How Often Does it Rain in Crimea? [90], As of 2014[update], the total population of the Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol was 2,248,400 people (Republic of Crimea: 1,889,485, Sevastopol: 395,000). According to the open source data, the Russians have a grouping of about 127,000 strong arrayed against a reported 125,000 Ukrainian troops in the country's eastern regions. Furthermore, fossil fuels are not infinite, which means Russia has to scout additional sources of natural gases to tap. Crimea is a peninsula jutting into the Black Sea south of Ukraine. The region contains oil and gas resources, key energy pipelines, shipping lanes, and fiber-optic cables. Dnipropetrovsk and the Russian-Ukrainian War (E-International Relations, 2022). Also important are the Kokozka (Kkkz or ), the Indole (Indol or ), the Chorna (orun, Chernaya or ), the Derekoika (Dereky or ),[37] the Karasu-Bashi (Biyuk-Karasu or -) (a tributary of the Salhyr river), the Burulcha () (also a tributary of the Salhyr), the Uchan-su, and the Ulu-Uzen'. The majority of auto companies are looking at lithium reserves across the world. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of energy resources in the annexation of Crimea. Lets' take a look: Ukraine's breakaway territories in the Donbass region have abundant natural resources and, thus, make the area economically very feasible for the future. Soviet leader Joseph Stalin may have dealt the Tatars their cruelest blow: By shipping food out of Crimea to central Russia in the 1920s, Stalin starved hundreds of thousands of Tatars. The budget deficit was $1.5billion. The Crimean Premier League is now the top professional football league in Crimea. Rich iron ore reserves located in the vicinity of Kryvyy Rih, Kremenchuk, Bilozerka, Mariupol, and Kerch form the basis of Ukraine's large iron-and-steel industry. The southern coast gradually consolidated into the Bosporan Kingdom which was annexed by Pontus and then became a client kingdom of Rome from 63 BCE to 341 CE. Many of his paintings depict the Black Sea. The length of line is about 90km and passengers are assigned a seat. The country's geostrategic position has rendered it susceptible to the ongoing larger conflict between Russia and the West. [63] Bark beetles are pests of tree crops, and are themselves hosts for Elattoma mites and various entomopathogenic fungi transmitted by those Elattomae. Ukraine's ecology and natural resources minister estimated on Monday that Kiev had lost natural resources and related assets worth 127 billion hryvnias ($10.8 bln) when Russia annexed the Crimea . [118], Painting of the Russian squadron in Sevastopol by Ivan Aivazovsky (1846), The grave of Russian poet and artist Maximilian Voloshin, People at the Kazantip music festival in 2007, Following Crimea's vote to join Russia and subsequent annexation in March 2014, the top football clubs withdrew from the Ukrainian leagues. Since that time, Crimea has existed as a semi-autonomous region of the Ukrainian nation, with strong political bonds to Ukraine and equally strong cultural ties to Russia. What is it about this peninsula that makes it so desirable as a geopolitical trophy? Further east still is Theodosia/Kaffa/Feodosia, once a great slave-mart and a kind of capital for the Genoese and Turks. At the east end of the 90km (56mi) Kerch Peninsula is Kerch/Panticapaeum, once the capital of the Bosporian Kingdom. This video is about being naked in nature and it's called "nudism" The economy continues to depend heavily on natural resources and to be plagued by corruption and crony capitalism. Ukraine has become a seedbed of conflict between Russia and the West. Between 1925 and 1969 the camp hosted 300,000 children. The companies are just two of a list of bids published online by the Ukrainian Geological Survey. Alushta Embankment. Ukraine has high concentrations of coal, iron, oil . Important industrial cities include Dzhankoi, housing a major railway connection, Krasnoperekopsk and Armiansk, among others. The west shore is marked by the Arabat Spit. In annexing Crimea, Russia dealt a severe blow to Ukraine's aspirations to become a fossil energy powerhouse. Ukraine's economic significance for Russia and the West. Crimea is located between the temperate and subtropical climate belts and is characterized by warm and sunny weather. [87][88] The Russian national payment card system now allows Visa and MasterCard cards issued by Russian banks to work in Crimea. This "riviera" stretches along the southeast coast from capes Fiolent and Aya, in the south, to Feodosia. The agreement lets coastal nations claim what are known as exclusive economic zones that can extend up to 200 nautical miles (or 230 statute miles) from their shores. While Europe depends on Russian natural gas, the US is trying to be a more prominent Liquefied Natural Gas supplier (LNG), even though the price of LNG would be substantially higher in price than that of Russian gas. The main branches of the modern Crimean economy are agriculture and fishing oysters pearls, industry and manufacturing, tourism, and ports. The omission of the definite article in English ("Crimea" rather than "the Crimea") became common during the later 20th century. To the east, the Crimean Bridge, constructed in 2018, spans the Strait of Kerch, linking the peninsula with Krasnodar Krai in Russia. By Alexander_Kudrin. When . Further southwest is Tyras/Akkerman/Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi. Interestingly, China was the largest importer of Ukrainian titanium iron ores in 2021, with Russia on the second spot (15.3 per cent), and Turkey ranked third (14.5 per cent). [39], There are more than fifty salt lakes and salt pans on the peninsula. The courts, however, are part of the judicial system of Ukraine and have no autonomous authority. The city Staryi Krym ('Old Crimea'),[3] served as a capital of the Crimean province of the Golden Horde. A look at the country's natural resources: Ukraine has the second-biggest known gas reserves in Europe, apart from Russia's gas reserves in Asia, although largely unexploited. Reports of explosions in Bakhchysarai, occupied Crimea. These are the resources that are found in the environment and are developed without the intervention of humans. Russia in the Black Sea. [38] The Alma and the Kacha are the second- and third-longest rivers. When the Bolsheviks secured Crimea, it became an autonomous soviet republic within Russia. South: In the south, between the Crimean Mountains and the sea runs a narrow coastal strip which was held by the Genoese and (after 1475) by the Turks. Furthermore, Russia has plans to extract and use Ukrainian and Crimean Tatar natural resources from Crimea and the Sea of Azov such as the Azov-Berezansky and Indolo-Kubnasky oil and gas fields. A look at the country's natural resources: Oil and Gas Ukraine has the second-biggest known gas reserves in Europe, apart from Russia's gas reserves in Asia, although largely unexploited. [29] A 1997 treaty partitioned the Soviet Black Sea Fleet, allowing Russia to continue basing its fleet in Sevastopol, with the lease extended in 2010. [115] Notwithstanding the annexation, the Ukrainian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchate) kept control of its eparchies in Crimea.[116]. Apart from natural gas, Ukraine abounds with minerals such as iron, coal, titanium, and other non-metallic raw materials. About 50% of fluxed limestone, 30% of iron ore, and 25% of soda out of the total reserves of Ukraine are contained in this territory. However, Ukraine's current government wants to not only join NATO but also be a part of the European Union (EU). [48] Because a high-pressure system is located north of Crimea in both summer and winter, winds predominantly come from the north and northeast year-round. The USSR transferred Crimea to Ukraine on the 300th anniversary of the Pereyaslav Treaty in 1954. The south coast remained Greek in culture for almost two thousand years including under Roman successor states, the Byzantine Empire (3411204 CE), the Empire of Trebizond (12041461 CE), and the independent Principality of Theodoro (ended 1475 CE). In 2021, India imported coal to meet its domestic coal shortage and with the Russian invasion of Ukraine, that supply chain is going to get impacted. II, v 9.5) refer variously to the Strait of Kerch as the (Kimmerikos Bosporos, romanized spelling, Bosporus Cimmerius), its easternmost part as the (Kimmerion Akron, Roman name: Promontorium Cimmerium),[2] as well as to the city of Cimmerium and thence the name of the Kingdom of the Cimmerian Bosporus ( ). There are many Crimean legends about famous touristic places, which attract the attention of tourists. Fuel resources include fossil fuel deposits of coal, natural gas and oil. [89], Crimea is Ukrainian territory currently occupied by Russia; Ukraine has not relinquished title over the Crimean territory since the events of 2014, Crimea is internationally recognized as part of Ukraine. In the invasion of Crimea, Russia also seized subsidiaries of Ukraine's state energy conglomerate Naftogaz operating in the Black Sea, and stole billions of dollars of equipment for Gazprom, Russia's state-owned energy company. [65][66], Crimea also possesses several natural gas fields both onshore and offshore, which were starting to be drilled by western oil and gas companies before annexation. Gazprom is Russia's largest company and, as of 2019, was the world's largest publicly-owned natural gas firm. In 1921 the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was created as part of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. Primarily Muslim, the Tatars of Crimea were instrumental in making the peninsula one of the centers of Islamic culture. Natural resources are being destroyed. A number of dams have created reservoirs; among the largest are the Simferopolskoye, Alminskoye,[43] the Taygansky and the Belogorsky just south of Bilohirsk in Bilohirsk Raion. A new phase of tourist development began when the Soviet government started promoting the healing quality of the local air, lakes and therapeutic muds. Crimea contains the longest (96km or 59mi) trolleybus route in the world, founded in 1959, stretching from Simferopol to Yalta. [50] In July mean temperatures range from 15.4C (59.7F) in Ai-Petri to 23.4C (74.1F) in the central parts of Crimea to 24.4C (75.9F) in Myskhor. Karasu-Bazar/Bilohorsk was a commercial center. Ukrainian territory occupied by Russia since 2014, May 2015 satellite image of the Crimean Peninsula, "Crimea river" redirects here. Strabo (Geography vii 4.3, xi. [48] In winter these winds bring in cold, dry continental air, while in summer they bring in dry and hot weather. Russia has been strategically developing its natural gas resources to isolate Ukraine and to make it more difficult from an economic perspective for the Unitied States and its allies to assist. The Crimean Peninsula is connected to Ukraine by two narrow necks of land, making it more like an island with two natural land bridges than simply a bit of land jutting out into the sea. under the crescent flag of Islam, began to be a place where Christians were persecuted. ", "About number and composition population of Autonomous Republic of Crimea by data All-Ukrainian population census", "About number and composition population of Ukraine by data All-Ukrainian Population Census 2001", The Deportation and Destruction of the German Minority in the USSR, On Germans Living on the Territory of the Ukrainian SSR, The Persecution of Pontic Greeks in the Soviet Union, "Public Opinion Survey Residents of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea", Russia seeks to crush Ukrainian Orthodox Church in Crimea for helping resist Russification, , , The Ukrainian Church of the Moscow Patriarchate demanded the return of the Crimea, "Eurovision 2016: Ukraine's Jamala wins with politically charged 1944", "UEFA-backed league starts play in Crimea", "Ukrainian Sport Minister urges Federations not to let athletes switch to Russia without serving qualifying period", 14 Russians bid to take part in IAAF World Championships, Lists of Crimean Tartar villages emptied in the May 1944 deportations, and most of them renamed in Russian, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Crimea&oldid=1142337575, Russian-speaking countries and territories, Articles containing Russian-language text, Articles containing Ukrainian-language text, Articles containing Crimean Tatar-language text, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Articles with Russian-language sources (ru), Wikipedia extended-confirmed-protected pages, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Turkish-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2014, Wikipedia neutral point of view disputes from October 2022, All Wikipedia neutral point of view disputes, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2012, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2013, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles with sections that need to be turned into prose from March 2014, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2020, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2014, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2015, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, (under construction) Tavrida highway (route Yevpatoria-) Sevastopol Simferopol (SW to W N to East ring) Bilohirsk, P59 (completely within the city of Sevastopol), This page was last edited on 1 March 2023, at 21:17. Inside these zones, countries. Russia eventually lost and ceded its claim to the peninsula, but not before the cities and villages of Crimea were ravaged. Luke Coffey. natural resource, any biological, mineral, or aesthetic asset afforded by nature without human intervention that can be used for some form of benefit, whether material (economic) or immaterial. Russia is looking for new ways to supplant its dwindling Siberian energy reserves. resource - available source of wealth; a new or reserve supply that can be drawn upon when needed. On the south side is the large Donuzlav Bay and the port and ancient Greek settlement of Yevpatoria/Kerkinitis/Gzleve. [1] The peninsula is almost entirely surrounded by the Black Sea and the smaller Sea of Azov. [7], The vine mealybug (Planococcus ficus) was first discovered here in 1868. Of course, this figure is less impressive than in 2019 when eight million people visited the region, but it is still quite impressive. There also is the gas thermal Saky plant located close to Jodobrom chemical plant and SaKhZ(SaChP) boosted production with Perm GTE GTU25P (PS90GP25 25 MW aeroderivative GP) PGU turbogenerators. The population number excluding these uyezds is given in the table below. [citation needed] In addition, vineyards and fruit orchards are located in the region. Notice that you also then claim the Azov Sea as a bonus, since you now have to pass through the economic zone to get there, exactly what Russia has done. Across the Black Sea to the west lies Romania and to the south is Turkey. [67][68] The inland fields are located in Chornomorske and Dzhankoi, while offshore fields are located in the western coast in the Black Sea and in the northeastern coast in the Azov Sea:[69]. The peninsula was originally populated by several groups of steppe nomads and mountainous people. Troop movements are also being conflated. Although much of the struggle is military as well as strategic, that is not where the story ends. The Krymchaks (but not the Karaites) were targeted for annihilation during Nazi occupation. Not to be confused with, Russia underwent a series of political changes in the period of the raids. In Soviet times the many palaces were replaced with dachas and health resorts. It has a population of 2.4 million. In 2019, Russia and Ukraine inked a transit agreement that allows easy transfer of Siberian gas to the EU through Ukraine's huge gas transportation system, regardless of unilateral sanctions by the US. Older plants in operation include the Sevastopol TEC (close to Inkerman) which uses AEG and Ganz Elektro turbines and turbogenerators generating about 25 MW each, Sinferopol TEC (north, in Agrarne locale) Yepvatoria, Kamysh Burun TEC (Kerch south Zaliv) and a few others. Much of the country's corn and wheat are destined for Africa and West Asia, which are heavily reliant on imports for food items. [49] Summers are hot at lower altitudes and warm in the mountains. June 18, 2020. They list seven ports where cruise ships cannot dock. [48] The frost-free period ranges from 160 to 200 days in the steppe and mountain regions to 240260 days on the south coast. This also implies that the US is nowhere near the gas race. Crimea is connected to Kherson (Ukrainian region) on the south by the 5-7 kilometers wide Isthmus of Perekop and separated from Russia . Under Russian rule it became a kind of riviera. The primary source of hydrocarbons in Ukraine is natural gas, though the most lucrative gas reserves are located below 5,000 meters. Page 73, Crimea Dynamics, challenges and prospects / edited by Maria Drohobycky. [20] While it was replaced with Krym (Ukrainian: ; Russian: ) in the Soviet Union and has had no official status since 1921, it is still used by some institutions in Crimea, such as the Taurida National University, the Tavriya Simferopol football club, or the Tavrida federal highway. Crimea is surrounded almost completely by the Black Sea, and encompasses an area of about 10,000square miles (26,000 square kilometers), roughly the size of the state of Maryland. [78], In the 1990s, Crimea became more of a get-away destination than a "health-improvement" destination. In 1944, Crimean Tatars were ethnically cleansed and deported under the orders of Joseph Stalin, in what has been described as a cultural genocide. Estimated oil and gas deposits in the Sea of Azov are 413 million tons. Lithium and titanium are some of the precious metals on earth today. During WWII, they were forcibly deported on the orders of Stalin, as they were regarded as a potential "fifth column". natural resource. It was transferred to the Ukrainian SSR in 1954, on the 300th anniversary of the Treaty of Pereyaslav. [citation needed] However, there are no major international banks in the Crimea. . At the head of Sevastopol Bay stands Inkermann/Kalamita. However, Ukraine, which has the US' support, can thrive and capitalise on its natural resources. [49] In the central and mountainous areas the climate is transitional between the continental climate to the north and the Mediterranean climate to the south. Russian invasion of Ukraine means the former will rein in the exports, which will create food security issues as Ukraine is one of the largest distributors of wheat and corn. With the dissolution of the Soviet Union and Ukrainian independence in 1991 most of the peninsula was reorganized as the Republic of Crimea,[27][28] although in 1995 the Republic was forcibly abolished by Ukraine with the Autonomous Republic of Crimea established firmly under Ukrainian authority. Unlike most of the young pioneer camps, Artek was an all-year camp, due to the warm climate. most of Ukraine consists of fertile plains (steppes) and plateaus, mountains being found only in the west (the Carpathians), and in the Crimean Peninsula in the extreme south Natural Resources: iron ore, coal, manganese, natural gas, oil, salt, sulfur, graphite, titanium, magnesium, kaolin, nickel, mercury, timber, arable land Natural Hazards: NA The US has always been wary of Russia's authority in Europe and the latter's influence is only going to grow stronger now with Ukraine's invasion, particularly in the Balkans, and if it is able to withstand global sanctions. See the, Crimea Dynamics, challenges and prospects / edited by Maria Drohobycky. Over 50 years, the problems of water resources in Crimea were solved by using Dnieper water supplied through North-Crimean Canal; however, after the integration of Crimea into Russia, Ukraine suspended water supply. It became a "health" destination for Soviet workers, and hundreds of thousands of Soviet tourists visited Crimea. Even today, Ukraine is one of the world's largest producers of corn and wheat, and much of that passes through Crimean ports. Behind it is the Syvash or "Putrid Sea", a system of lakes and marshes which in the far north extend west to the Perekop Isthmus. Rivers: The longest is the Salhyr, which rises southeast of Simferopol and flows north and northeast to the Sea of Azov. After Ukrainian independence in 1991, the central government and Crimea clashed, with the region being granted more autonomy. When did Democrats and Republicans switch platforms? Thus, much of the gas exploration, as well as production, have been transferred to Russia, due to which Ukraine's resources remain untapped. The Black Sea-Crimean oil and gas province occupies the Black Sea depression with the Crimean peninsula, the Black and Azov seas. Catherine the Great's incorporation of the Crimea in 1783 into the Russian Empire increased Russia's power in the Black Sea area. Marc Lallanilla has been a science writer and health editor at About.com and a producer with ABCNews.com. The Tatars didn't fare well in the Crimean War or in later conflicts, and many fled the region. Also Read:Russia-Ukraine war: Here's how the crisis unfolded -- a timeline. The peninsula is connected to the Ukrainian mainland by the narrow Isthmus of Perekop. The answer lies in Crimea's unique climate, diverse culture, geography and often-troubled history. Russian justification that this action was taken to protect Russian ethnicity, as declared . In 2010, Russia negotiated an agreement that allows the country to share the all-important Sevastopol naval base through 2042, in exchange for deep discounts of about $40 billion on natural gas from Russia. Bakhchisarai (15321783). The flow of holidaymakers dropped 35 percent in the first half of 2014 over the same period of 2013. Noun. In the 1440s the Crimean Khanate formed out of the collapse of the horde[23] but quite rapidly itself became subject to the Ottoman Empire, which also conquered the coastal areas which had kept independent of the Khanate. Minerals are valuable natural resources that are mineral or organic parts of the earth's crust. The Dobra and Donetsk mines were up for grabs and there has been cut-throat competition between Chinese Chengxin Lithium and Australia-listed European Lithium, and both the companies want a foothold in the European lithium industry. [91] This is down from the 2001 Ukrainian Census figure, which was 2,376,000 (Autonomous Republic of Crimea: 2,033,700, Sevastopol: 342,451). Between 1315 and 1329 CE, the Arab writer Ab al-Fid recounted a political fight in 13001301 CE which resulted in a rival's decapitation and his head being sent "to the Crimea",[4] apparently in reference to the peninsula,[5] although some sources hold that the name of the capital was extended to the entire peninsula at some point during Ottoman suzerainty (14411783).[6]. The Belbek has the greatest average discharge at 2.16 cubic metres per second (76cuft/s). Russia has deployed offensive weapons and systems within striking distance of Ukraine, including main battle tanks, self-propelled howitzers, infantry fighting vehicles, multiple launch rocket systems, Iskander short-range ballistic missile systems, and towed artillery, as highlighted in Figures 1a and 1b. Protests culminated in Russian forces occupying strategic points in Crimea[31] and the Russian-organized Republic of Crimea declared independence from Ukraine following an illegal and internationally unrecognized referendum supporting reunification. [7] [60] Sixty percent of the industry market belongs to food production. In Photos: Amazing Ruins of the Ancient World, Video - World War II Underwater Graveyard Discovered. The peninsula has, throughout its long history, been occupied by ancient Greeks, Romans, Goths, Huns, Ottomans, Mongols, Venetians and Nazi Germans. For industrial purposes inside the peninsula and beyond, the needs of the population were almost completely covered by their own reserves. In 2014, Crimea saw intense demonstrations[30] against the removal of the Russia-leaning Ukrainian president Viktor Yanukovych in Kyiv. The largest of them is Lake Sasyk () on the southwest coast; others include Aqtas, Koyashskoye, Kiyatskoe, Kirleutskoe, Kizil-Yar, Bakalskoe, and Donuzlav. 16.02.2021 12:24. After the Soviets regained control in 1944, they deported the Crimean Tartars and several other nationalities to elsewhere in the USSR. [48] Because of its climate and subsidized travel-packages from Russian state-run companies, the southern coast has remained a popular resort for Russian tourists. After the fall of the Soviet empire, Tatars began to return to their ancestral Crimean homeland, where they now number about 250,000 roughly 12 percent of the Crimean population. Why is that? The terrain that lies south of the sheltering Crimean Mountain range is of an altogether different character.

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