Figure 8. Students also investigate which structural designs are most likely to survive an earthquake. trailer <<320C1F98F8FF4795B5CCB8D9E9A0B99B>]/Prev 812054/XRefStm 1396>> startxref 0 %%EOF 93 0 obj <>stream In this activity, students use an online simulationVirtual Earthquakethat is accessible through the Earthquakes Living Lab interface, to locate the epicenter of an earthquake by making simple measurement on three seismograms, recordings of an earthquake's seismic waves detected by instruments (seismographs) far away from the earthquake. This section explains what earthquakes and faults are and what causes earthquakes. Civilization and its Discontents (Sigmund Freud), Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Applications (Gay L. R.; Mills Geoffrey E.; Airasian Peter W.), Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing (Janice L. Hinkle; Kerry H. Cheever), Psychology (David G. Myers; C. Nathan DeWall), The Methodology of the Social Sciences (Max Weber), Business Law: Text and Cases (Kenneth W. Clarkson; Roger LeRoy Miller; Frank B. Activity 4: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter, The three basic types of seismic wave generated by an earthquake at its focus are P, waves, Swaves, and Surface waves. Considered best for measuring small earthquakes (3.5 M or less). However, please review it for the specific setting, materials, students, and conventional safety precautions. The answer is the San Andreas Fault. Use Figure 5 and the travel-time graph in Figure 4 to determine . Free K-12 standards-aligned STEM curriculum for educators everywhere. surface wave? Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. A. Seismic waves-waves generated by an earthquake, can move the ground forward and back- answers the question. The travel-time graph In Figure 13.9, there is an example seismogram from a station that includes a minor earthquake. How many minutes elapsed between the arrival of the first P wave and the last measurable The western U.S. has more faults than the eastern U.S., and therefore the western U.S. has more earthquakes. Get the inside scoop on all things TeachEngineering such as new site features, curriculum updates, video releases, and more by signing up for our newsletter! A circle with a radius of the distance to the quake can be drawn. If a quake is far from the seismograph, the P-waves arrive long before the S-waves. BDF endstream endobj 74 0 obj <>stream During an earthquake, seismic waves are sent all over the globe. How does the lag time change as you get farther and The seismometers are shown as green dots. 0000001862 00000 n It takes S waves 14. activity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter The Science of Earthquakes | U.S. Geological Survey An earthquake is what happens when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one . 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Even though the scale formulae are different, MMS retains the familiar continuum of magnitude values defined by the older scale. Contact the teacher to find out the length of the class period, as well as how many copies of handouts and sets of materials you need to bring. At least 3 earthquake recording stations are required to find the location of the earthquake epicenter. Focal Depth. Step 1: ans- d) 65 seconds Ste . earthquake - shaking and vibration of Earth's surface. The USGS now uses the MMS to estimate magnitudes for all modern large earthquakes. 3000 miles. 0000002009 00000 n A seismograph is securely mounted onto the surface of the earth so that when the earth shakes, the entire unit shakes with it EXCEPT for the mass on the spring, which has inertia and remains in the same place. To abbreviate, use the symbol M (a capital M, plain text, no sub/superscripts) expressed to the nearest 0.1. Three seismographs are needed. Resources. 0000055643 00000 n Encourage them to explore all of the Earthquakes Living Lab as they complete the worksheet. 0000002658 00000 n 2. For lower grades, just introduce the concepts of triangulation and the magnitude scale; a thorough understanding of P and S waves is not vital. HtA1D41`s(GME$Ke*YdEOYf2-:r. Geology Labs On-Line, Department of Geological Sciences, California State University, Los Angeles, CA. 0000001746 00000 n Find 23 millimeters on the right side of the chart and mark that point. 0000001143 00000 n Thus technology use varies from region to region and over time. Triangulation to Locate an Earthquake By Earthquake Hazards Original Thumbnail Medium Detailed Description Triangulation can be used to locate an earthquake. endstream endobj 84 0 obj <> endobj 85 0 obj <> endobj 86 0 obj <>stream See Answer. PDF. 0 Subject Areas: !D,X2:azTG)kPT~Mj 4>d w@O'. HTn0"H@w=s(vxk8OM1px-{$_!o5|CS7RPr#V(0CUa%ZkuT9t};D Jj=.9,z!#@n5YCu>R88tfFRX=iRK The farther away the epicenter is, the greater the difference . The longer the time between the arrival of the P-wave and S-wave, the farther away is the epicenter. Focus. 0000103591 00000 n 0000001533 00000 n Explain the difference between S and P waves, and how their time interval is used to determine the epicenter location. 3. Pwaves have the greatest velocity and reach theseismic station first. Activity: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter Lecture 3 Damage from the earthquake was widespread, but the actual location of the earthquake (the epicenter) HlRnQ?R\>BjK' The arrival of seismic waves will be recognized by an increase in amplitude look for a pattern change as lines get taller and more closely spaced (ex. by. Develop a solution to a technological problem that has the least negative environmental and social impact. Identify P, S, and surface waves on seismograms, Measure amplitude and lag time on seismograms, Use triangulation to accurately locate the epicenter of an earthquake, Accurately report the latitude and longitude of the epicenter, Sea Floor Lab Help with Problem 2 - Tagged, Metamorphic Rocks Lab Instructions - Tagged, Lab exam 2 - Study guide for the second exam regarding all the labs and material covered, Redaccion de textos II Marco n membrete es aquello que se ubica en el sector superior de una pgina, mencionando el ttulo o el nombre de un individuo, una empresa, etc. 0000001604 00000 n Locating the epicenter of an earthquake worksheet answer key, locating the epicenter of an earthquake worksheet pdf, chapter 7 lab 1 locating epicenters answer key, how many seismographs are needed to locate the epicenter of an earthquake. The point beneath Earth's surface where rock breaks under stress and causes an earthquake. Virtual Earthquake (tutorial/simulation) 1996. 0000008088 00000 n Use Figure 4.5 and the travel-time graph in Figure 4.4 to determine the distance between each station and THREE SEISMOGRAMS the epicenter. 0000002383 00000 n Thanks for your feedback! 0000004769 00000 n 11 minutes elapsed between the first P wave and the last measurable surface wave. (Figure 3):. Entering the three maximum amplitudes generates a nomogram, a graphical device that simplifies the process of estimating magnitude from distance (determined earlier in the tutorial from the S-P interval process) and amplitude. Shear wave from earthquake, moving slower than primary waves, through solid material only. The simulation renders three circles on a map and directs students to find the epicenter. Type text, add images, blackout confidential details, add comments, highlights and more. All rights reserved. PS: We do not share personal information or emails with anyone. 0000003254 00000 n Accessed December 11, 2013. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moment_magnitude_scale, Novak, Gary. inch = 500 km. To locate the epicenter of the earthquake, seismologists use the . As you may know, people have look numerous times for . Edit your locating an earthquake epicenter worksheet answers online. A minimum of three seismic stations is necessary to locate an epicenter. 0000001893 00000 n Earthquakes Living Lab: Finding Epicenters & Measuring Magnitudes. Activity 4: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter Examining Seismograms The three basic types of seismic wave generated by an earthquake at its focus are Pwaves, Swaves, and Surface waves. 0000006538 00000 n %PDF-1.5 % Sign, fax and printable from PC, iPad, tablet or mobile with pdfFiller Note-taking Worksheet. 1) Identify the general term for waves released from an earthquake. Travel-time graphDistance in Miles, Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01, seismogram. The distance to the earthquake epicenter is then determined using the "Earthquake P-Wave and S-Wave Travel Time" graph. consider a seismograph stationed 3, This investigation is considered generally safe to do with students. Figure 2 is a seismic wave travel-time 2. Using the real-world data in the living lab enables students and teachers to practice analyzing data to solve problems and answer questions, in much the same way that scientists and engineers do every day. A circle is drawn from each of the three different seismograph locations, where the radius of each circle is equal to the distance from that station to the epicenter. Make an overhead copy of each of the handouts. P and Swaves are body waves and travelthrough the interior of the earth. These distances are determined using a travel-time curve, which is a graph of Pand S-wave arrival times (see Figure 13.11). Great-circle arcs are drawn on the globe using the distance of the earthquake to the station as a radius. Details. [N'. triangulation: A method to determine exactly where an earthquake originates. 9 - Take a few minutes to read the information on the left side of this page for the 2010 earthquake off the coast of central Chile. How does the period of the P waves compare to the period of the surface waves? All 100,000+ K-12 STEM standards covered in TeachEngineering are collected, maintained and packaged by the Achievement Standards Network (ASN), 13 4 locating an earthquake epicenter geosciences libretexts . The farther a station is from the (Figure 3):. 61 33 velocity, amplitude, and frequency of the You will analyze the records and locate the earthquake using a method known Adjust the timing to the class period, remembering that you will need time to introduce the investigation, clean up afterwards, and re-set up for the next class (if you are working with more than one class). 4. American Geosciences Institute. While earthquake locations are normally done with a computer that can quickly determine the paths of seismic waves through the Earth to many seismic stations, 15 Introduction to Geology Chapter Worksheet . 0000001978 00000 n long will it take, to the nearest 0. minutes, for the first P waves to travel from the epicenter to your station? Legal. What is the time lag for the Seattle, Washington, seismic station? Also commonly termed the focus. Another method of locating an earthquake is to use the P-wave arrival-time minus origin-time (P - O) interval instead of distance. locate and label the epicenter of the earthquake on this map. If your seismograph station is Earthquakes and Volcanoes. Yw8SxGk}X3kfTfW& gk`41#'uf7"G\fsN4^8jC7[+%`qFLFKpFc HTn {0,`K6}(J6]&Q^"!q57y_VQ9fp3/?Mc=KGsrrt:c\$Lh`4}>C>`qcSj0[YpZ_Su(322/N Z./$E )H %C[5ph[BUyGh7|!XPQiDjJ(|BNvylk+g;9G(#Aby>Jcf`XmnwtDD+;Z^I&Sb-4!7oi` L7 endstream endobj 78 0 obj <> endobj 79 0 obj <>stream (Listen to student ideas.) Graphs, charts, and images can be used to identify patterns in data. I also will take them through the general process of how find the difference in arrival times of p- and s-waves can be used to find a distance to an earthquake and how using data from 3 seismograph stations is used to locate the epicenter. 12), computer or other device with Internet access, journal or writing paper for each student. (Grades at that station. In this activity, the epicenter of the earthquake is in the center of Los Angeles, CA. Last updated November 26, 2013. 0000004060 00000 n endstream endobj startxref The USGS and its partners monitor and report earthquakes, assess earthquake impacts and hazards, and . distance from transducer to the focal point. seismogram. Though the distance to the epicenter can be determined using a travel-time graph, the direction cannot be told. S wave: The second seismic wave of an earthquake. 4. fault - a fracture in Earth's crust where the rocks on either side have moved. The Earthquakes Living Lab gives students the chance to track earthquakes across the planet and examine where, why and how they are occurring. The time : an American History (Eric Foner), Principles of Environmental Science (William P. Cunningham; Mary Ann Cunningham), Forecasting, Time Series, and Regression (Richard T. O'Connell; Anne B. Koehler), Chemistry: The Central Science (Theodore E. Brown; H. Eugene H LeMay; Bruce E. Bursten; Catherine Murphy; Patrick Woodward), Biological Science (Freeman Scott; Quillin Kim; Allison Lizabeth), Campbell Biology (Jane B. Reece; Lisa A. Urry; Michael L. Cain; Steven A. Wasserman; Peter V. Minorsky), How many minutes elapsed between the arrival of the first P wave and. How can you locate an earthquake's epicenter? 0000001408 00000 n First locate and mark the three seismic stations on the world map provided below. The point where your ruler crosses the middle line on the chart marks the magnitude (strength) of the earthquake. Seismic Waves. Using 3 seismograms the students will be able to triangulate the epicenter of an earthquake. Triangulation is required to determine exactly where it happened. The period of a wave is the time between two adjacent wave peaks. Facility Name Busine Child ren Information Child Name C. Child Social Security Number Type of Case being filed - Check only one category. 0000078169 00000 n After reading about earthquakes, open a new window to an Earthquake Simulator at, Follow the simulation instructions. Some places are more prone to earthquakes than others. The nations most famous fault is the San Andreas Fault, which runs along a north-south trend in southern California, and happens to run directly through Los Angeles. Once three seismographs have been located, find the time interval between the arrival of the P-wave . Epicenter. 0000001396 00000 n The longer the time is between the P-and S-wave . In this 1-to-10 logarithmic scale, each succeeding level representing 10 times as much energy as the last. The moment magnitude scale (MMS) was developed in the 1970s as a modification of the Richter scale and is better for measuring big earthquakes but less good for small ones. Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answers Thank you for reading Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answers . As the drum rotated, the A circle is drawn from each of the three different seismograph locations, where the radius of each circle is equal to the distance from that station to the epicenter. Zip. travel time for P waves. Earthquakes & Volcanoes Test Review Answers. hbbd``b`$C`q9 X_$_g`bdxc`X Last modified July 18, 2012. 9 - What data is used to determine magnitude? (Source: USGS). 0000030968 00000 n This activity is designed around the Earthquakes Living Lab, a resource and online interface that uses real-time U.S. Geological Survey seismic data from around the world. Based on your answers to the previous question, what is the lag time for locations that are 0000005081 00000 n Follow this simple guide to edit Locating the epicenter of an earthquake worksheet answer key in PDF format online free of charge: Explore all the advantages of our editor right now! 0000000016 00000 n 9 - 0000078100 00000 n 3. epicenter - the point on Earth's surface directly above the focus, or origin, of an earthquake. and S waves to travel any distance up to CH 02 HW - Chapter 2 physics homework for Mastering, Leadership class , week 3 executive summary, I am doing my essay on the Ted Talk titaled How One Photo Captured a Humanitie Crisis https, School-Plan - School Plan of San Juan Integrated School, SEC-502-RS-Dispositions Self-Assessment Survey T3 (1), Techniques DE Separation ET Analyse EN Biochimi 1, Use a travel-time graph to convert lag time into distance. between arrival of P and S waves is called Overhead transparency of each of the handouts, Overhead projector (contact classroom teacher about this) and screen, Optional: overhead transparency or PowerPoint of, What do you know about the causes and impacts of Earthquakes? Ch Person/Attorney Filing: - Superior Court - Maricopa County - superiorcourt maricopa. Earthquakes and Seismic Waves Key Concepts . m>r/Q[6 0000006984 00000 n Read through the sections What Is Seismology and What Are Seismic Waves?, Where Do Earthquakes Happen?, and Why Do Earthquakes Happen? to answer the following questions: What is the difference between S and P waves? It's a logarithmic scale from 1 to 10 with each succeeding level representing 10 times as much energy as the last. waves from a distant earthquake. =Cv :~4yrXP 62{_,*Uq/O-oUNBr-$y~:G},#3e^CS6U*_zVGY7ZNUWk2f?? {%!,"{u5E&OOqA_"/uxn-kx+Vz*EQb)Q If you complete all the problems, you should be able to: Identify P, S, and surface waves on a simple seismogram. epicenter of an earthquake, how Describe the process of triangulation to locate an epicenter. Use the graph to answer the questions that follow. lag time. epicenter: A point on the Earth's surface that is directly above the place where the underground forces of an earthquake originate. For this activity, select the "Chile" box. There are two sets of data and maps to do this activity/ lab for than once. Place a ruler (or straight edge) on the chart between the points you marked for the distance to the epicenter and the amplitude. Success is figuring out that the epicenter is just off the coast of Chile, where the three circles intersect. Then locate and click the link in the center of the page under the question: "How is an earthquake epicenter located and how is magnitude determined?" 4. Therefore, the lag I contacted the persons listed below to find out the location of the following people entitled to notice Name of Person Measure the difference in arrival times between the first shear (s) wave and the first compressional (p) wave, which can be interpreted from the seismogram. If you draw a circle on a map around three different seismographs where the radius of each is the distance from that station to the earthquake, the intersection of those three circles is the epicenter. What was the lag time (in minutes) at this location? E}g7$i(=K)"aj%v]vPcYloi@X3noGX{[XucOgkdF.>Ym^fwrQf;8_Nok3w\;?n_Hhc?>k\o[%DgwJ'3d.lTqDy_aJw! Use this information to complete the following. When an earthquake strikes, P waves arrive at a seismograph rst and S waves next. (, Find the S-P interval for each seismogram and record answers in the S-P column of, Find the distance to the epicenter (in kilometers) from each recording station and record answers in Table 1. https://people.wou.edu/~taylors/gs104/lab5key.pdf Locating Earthquake Epicenters | CK-12 Foundation Apr 8, 2020 . Choose an answer and hit 'next'. After this activity, students should be able to: Each TeachEngineering lesson or activity is correlated to one or more K-12 science, These natural disasters may be mitigated, however, by insightful and creative engineering. Activity4:LocatinganEarthquakeEpicenter Objectives:Ifyoucompletealltheproblems,youshouldbeableto: Identif Mapping the history of natural hazards in a region, combined with an understanding of related geologic forces can help forecast the locations and likelihoods of future events. Y$Kr;V6[;Dq vg~cx:A[^jCssupwD endstream endobj 80 0 obj <> endobj 81 0 obj <>stream An earthquake is what happens when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one directly above it on the surface of the earth is called the epicenter. Conclude the activity with a class discussion (and perhaps homework questions) to share ideas and answers, as described in the Assessment section. Focus (aka Hypocenter) is the location in the Earth where the earthquake starts. within type by subtype, then by grade, etc. Locating the Epicenter of an Earthquake - SE Asia a foldable activity, slide presentation to guide reading, and an answer key! Quick Tips. Share with Classes. Earthquakes occur along faults, which are cracks in the Earths crust that build tension. The three seismograms in this activity are unfi ltered station records from a single event that occurred on August 1, 1999. gov For online instructions and current fees click here. We have answers to the most popular questions from our customers. Question 5 of 22 4.55/ 4.55 Points Questions 5 through 11 are based on Lab Exercise #2: Locating the Epicenter of an Earthquake. graph. Review their answers to assess their base knowledge of the subject matter. cCV&0Lw1~c\4QA!{q: N3\`Lccgb,x/if`WH3(\'q)Da'@ | endstream endobj 92 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/Index[57 4]/Length 20/Size 61/Type/XRef/W[1 1 1]>>stream Practice with Triangulation: Locating an earthquake epicenter. 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Introduction: Before student pairs look at the Earthquakes Living Lab, direct them to complete the Engage section of the Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Worksheet, which asks them to apply any prior knowledge and/or speculate as to what the Richter magnitude scale is and what an epicenter is.

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